The fires in Argentina, intentional or accidental, and everyone's responsibility

The situation with fires in Argentina, particularly in the Patagonia region this January 2026, is a heavy reminder of how fragile our ecosystems are when climate change, human action, and policy intersect.

As of late January 2026, over 30,000 hectares have been affected in provinces like Chubut, Río Negro, and Neuquén. While nature plays a role, the human element is overwhelmingly the primary driver.

1. The Causes: Intentional vs. Accidental

According to the National Fire Management Service (SNMF) and organizations like Greenpeace, 95% of forest fires in Argentina are caused by human activity.

Intentional (Arson)

Real Estate & Agriculture: There is long-standing suspicion—and in some cases, evidence—that fires are set to clear native forests for real estate development or to expand grazing land.
Political & Social Conflict: In 2026, authorities in Chubut have explicitly pointed to "foul play," offering rewards (up to AR$50 million) for information on arsonists. Some officials have linked specific outbreaks to deliberate sabotage, though these claims are often subjects of intense legal and social debate.

Accidental (Negligence)

Tourism & Recreation: Improperly extinguished campfires or discarded cigarette butts remain leading causes, especially during the high summer season.
Infrastructure: Faulty power lines or "sparks" from machinery in rural areas can ignite dry vegetation.
Natural Causes: Only about 5% of fires start naturally, usually via lightning strikes during "dry thunderstorms."

2. Everyone's Responsibility

Addressing the "fire season" isn't just about the people holding the matches; it’s about a chain of responsibility.

The Individual (You & Me)

Strict Adherence: Only light fires in specifically authorized areas (camping sites) and ensure they are 100% extinguished using plenty of water—not just dirt.
Zero Waste: Glass bottles can act as magnifying glasses in the sun, and dry brush can ignite from the smallest ember.
Early Warning: Reporting smoke immediately to 911 or local emergency numbers is the difference between a small flare-up and a "megafire."

The State (Government & Policy)

Funding: 2026 has seen significant debate over budget cuts to environmental agencies. Critics argue that a reduction in the National Fire Management System's budget (reportedly cut by over 70-80% in recent cycles) leaves brigades under-equipped.
Law Enforcement: Argentina has a Fire Management Law (Law 26.815) that prohibits the sale or repurposing of burned lands for up to 60 years to prevent "burning for profit." Ensuring this law is strictly enforced is vital to removing the incentive for arson.
Prevention vs. Suppression: Most resources go toward fighting fires once they start. Experts emphasize the need for "Year-Round Prevention"—clearing fuel loads (dry wood) and building firebreaks during the winter.

The Global Context

Climate Change: We are seeing "terafires" that burn hotter and faster. Higher nighttime temperatures mean fires no longer "calm down" at night, making them nearly impossible to contain with traditional methods.

Note: The current fires in Los Alerces National Park are particularly tragic because they threaten trees that are over 3,000 years old. These are not just trees; they are irreplaceable pieces of Earth's history.